Aikido Shobukan Dojo

Contents Preface Kisshomaru Ueshiba Preface Tetsutaka Sugawara Foreword Lujian Xing A Chronology of China and Japan Part 1 History of the Relationship betwen Japanese and Chinese Martial Arts Introduction Han Race, Yamato Race and Minorities Relationship between Japan and Scythia, Khitai and Huns The Japanese Cavalry Japanese Martial arts Schools Ancient History, Ancient Legends and "Ki-ki" the Two Histories Chapter 1 Primitive Societies Marital Arts in the Birthplace of the Juman Race Geographical Reatures of Japan and the Japanese The Discovery of Charcoals and Natural Irons Shamanism Migration of the Human Race Spread of Horn-used wrestling Prototypes for weapons Masks and winter clothing Chapter 2 Xia, Shang and Zhou Eras Xia Era (21st century B.C. to 16th century B.C.)-Great distasters strike the earth; The silk road-steppe route and sea route; Emergence of martial arts for show; Xia Dynasty and bronze ware-means to train soldiers and learn martial arts-Wu-wu Shang Era (16th century B.C, to 11th century B.C.)-Foundation of slavery nation Zhou Era, West Zhou (11th century B.C. to 771 B.C.)-Fight with the northern race; development stage of weapons; naginata and bronze age; origin of Tungus Chapter 3 Chunqiu and the warring states era The Chunqiu and Warring states era (770-476 B.C.) East Zhou (770-256 B.C.)-Buddhism, shintoism, and iron; Chinese bronze ware and iron ware; Origin of iron ware The Hittite Empire; Hittites; Characteristics of Achynaces type short sword; Iron production method in China (a kind of iron refining method using coal); By whom and for what purpose was this sword made and where did the ores used for it come from? Warring States Period (475 B.C.-221 B.C.)-Seven heroes in the warring states period and the great wall of China; Equestrian races of Tungus ancestry in Japan; Imperial family and Scythian myths; Izumo myth and Tungus myth; Country-transfer myth in Japan; Were the Qi Dynasty and Izumo Dynasty the same?; Supremaacy-transfer myth in Izumi and Qi; Estaablishment of imperial genealogy; Westward invasion of Arahabaki Clan; Establishment of tactics, sword technique and medicine (China); Jomon culture started with iron ware; Nomadic races-Orochons, Huis, and Tartars; Tungus settling in the Maritime province; iron ware brought to Hokkaido Chapter 4 Qin, Three Kingdoms Era (B.C. 221 to 280 A.D.) Qin (B.C. 221 to B.C. 206)-Completion of Sinocentrism Han Dynasty (206 B.C. to 220 A.D.) Early (West) Han (206 B.C. to 24 A.D.)-Development of the theory of conquest by the equestrian race; Iron sword (Liuyedao or Sukanto) in the Han dynasty; Zhou, Han Era iron weapons; Han era iron weapons Late (East) Han (25 to 220 A.D.)-the eastward invasion by Yamato Takeru (Middle of Yayoi Period, around 95 A.D.) Three Kingdoms Period Wei (220 to 265 A.D.) Shu (221 to 261 A.D.) Wu (222 to 280 A.D.)-Oh, an iron-making clan in ancient times; materials for swords excavated from ancient tombs; Establishment of the Tatara method and Warabite-to; Makiri of Ainu and Warabite-to; History of Blade and Hilt; Armors in the Tumulus period; Invasion of Asian continent by Japan; Yamato dynasty's class system in the 7th century; Enthronement of the Arahabaki tribe Chapter 5 Jin and the Period of Northern and Southern Dynasties- (265 to 581 A.D.) Western Jin (265-316 A.D.) Eastern Jin (317-420)-In search of the method used to forge Japanese swords; Eboshi and swordsmith Sixteen states (304-439)-Descendants of Scythia-Koguryo and the Yamato emperor; The mix of horse-riding people's culture and Tungus' culture; The iron of the Tungus-Orochon race Chapter 6 Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties/Ten Kingdoms Era Sui (58-618) Tang (618-907)-Professionalization fo civilian martial arts; A big reform and the rebellion; The development of mask playing; mask transmitted to Japan; Mask and protector; protectors in the Nara Era; The purpose of the Ohshu Expedition; Japanese sword and Sanskrit characters; The army numbers for the Emishi expedition and Kanoko Ruin Five Dynasties, Ten Kingdoms Era (907-979) Chapter 7 Sung, Yuan Era Liao (907-1125)(established by Kittan race)-Japan, Han (Korea), Yin (China) same ancestor theory from "Kittan Koden" Sung Era Northern Sung (960-1127)-The Big Four inventions of China; Weapons in the Sung era; The weapons in Kiyomizu-dera-engi-emaki; Protectors in the Heian Era Sokuth Sung Era (1127-1279) Yuan Era (1279-1368) (established by Nuzhen race)-Protectors in Kamakura era; Downfall of the Fujiwara families and movements of Ohshu swordsmiths to other places Chapter 8 Min, Qing Era Min (1368-1644) Protectors in Nanpokuchi Era-Protectors in Muromachi era; The martial arts schools in the Muromachi era; Martial arts in the Muromachi era; protectors in Adzuchi Momoyama Era and after Qing (1644-1911)-the end of marital arts prohibition Chapter 9 Era of the Republic of China (1912-1949) Regions of Chinese martial arts; The three big river groups Chapter 10 Era of People's Republic of China The cultural exchange to China Chapter 11 Conclusion Japanese weapons and martial arts-Why straight swords changed to curved swwords; Gokaden in kaido and dynasties; Hoko, sword and spear Japanese martial art schools-Koryu Budo and Gendai Budo Part 2 Chinese Martial Arts Chapter 1: Outline Significance of Chinese Martial arts The developmental stages of Chinese martial arts-The origin of martial arts; The technical development of chinese martial arts; The formation of Clhinese martial arts; The development of theories of martial arts The Main sections of clhinese martial arts of today-Folk channel; Special organizations; Chinese free sparring; health-building style Training and Health-building Chapter 2: Methods Section 1: The Head Keep a correct posture of the head-dodge protections Safeguard the head-Side dodge and front-side dodge; circle dodge; duck dodge; backward dodge; parry protections The Use of the head in attack Section 2: The Eyes Methods of viewing the ipponent-Looking in the eye; looking at the shoulders; looking at the blade; viewing the trend; looking sideways; casting a deceptive look; giving smiling eyes; looking with deterrence Methods of viewing oneself-viewing oneself in attack and defense; The significance of viewing oneself in self-possession Section 3: The Upper Limbs The fist-Thrust fist; chop fist; crosscut fist; hook fist; smash fist; upswing fist; turning fist; chicken heart-shaped fist and Phoenix eye-shaped fist The Palm Fingers-Flipping; piercing; catching The Elbow-Elbow butting; elbow pushing; elbow circling; defense against elbows The Arms-Upward parry; Parry with elbpw lifted; Back-handed parry; Inward parry; Outward parry; Double parry; frontal block; downward parry; arm press; inward swing of the arm; arm lift; arm twine; arm bump Postscript 1: Fist Principles Postscript 2: Leg Principles Part 3 The Theory of Aikido Ckhapter 1 Aikido Old Tradition Chapter 2 Aikido Spirit The View of the Universe in Aikido Love of mankind and aikido International friendship Chapter 3 Classificaton of techniques Kinds of taijutsu-standing, sittiing and Hanmi-handachi techniques; pushing techniquwes, holding techniques, throwing techniques Chapter 4 Classificaton according to puroses A method of maintaining good health An art of self defence Martial art Takemusu-aiki or free style aiki method Techniques using weapons Weapon-taking Chapter 5 Recommendation of total martial arts Pleasure of practicing traditional martial arts Main points in learning Taijiquan Adopt karate in attacking techniques of aikido Points to be reconsidered in aikido Create your own techniques (Takemusu-aiki) Chapter 6 How to use each part of your body and mind "Aiki" and how to use "eyes" Breathing Kiai Relationship between aiki and suki Footwork Triangle entering method Head Hands (palm) Wrists Arms Shoulders Elbows Knees Koshi (hips or waist) Kusshin Ma'ai distance Rasen undo (spiral movement) Chapter 7 Training Method Taijutsu training (empty hand)-Training in hard, soft, flow and ki styles (Hard 1st stage; soft 2nd stage; flowing 3rd stage; Ki training 4th stage); Applied techniques-varied techniques against attacks; Block training in soft style; block training in hard style Part 4 Aikido and Chinese Martial Arts Chapter 1 Basic movements Empty hand (no weapon)-Tai no henko (turning method); Katatedori tenkan-ho (basic); Urawaza tenkan ho (hard/strong style); Omote-waza tenkan-ho (hard/strong style) Ki-flowing tenkan-ho Tenkan-ho with attacks (self-defence style) Taijiquan style tenkan-ho (soft style) Kokyu-ho (breath method) Irimi-ho (entering method) Irimi training Ukemi and defensive moves-Aikido and Chinese martial arts ukemi Chapter 2 Basic Techniques Tsuki dai-ikkyo omote waza Tsuki dai-nikyo ura waza Tsuki dai-sankyo omote waza Tsuki dai-yonkyo omote waza Yokomen-uchi dai-gokyo Iriminage (entering throw) Katatedori shihoknage Kotegaeshi (Taijiquan style) Soto-mawari kaiten-nage Chapter 3 Attacks and defences Training in hand techniques-Uchi-waza striking; shomen-uchi Yokomen-uchi Atemi and shomen-uchi Jodan tsuki (upper level) Thrusting method Defense using Taijiquan teachniques Gedan tsuki (lower level thrust) Agezuki (rising punch) Tori-waza (grasping)-Kosa-dori (same hand hold); Katatedori; ryotedori; Hijidori (elbow or sleeve); Sodedori (sleeve hold); munadori (lapels hold); Ushiro ryokatadori (both shoulders hold); Ushiro ryotedori (both hands hold); Ushiro kubijime (rear strangle hold) Ashi-waza-chudan geri (mid level kick); gedan geri (lower level kick) Attacks using hands and/or feet together Chapter 4 Application of Chinese martial arts Original techniques-Yuinshou of Taijiquan-Dai-ikkyo ura-waza with Yuinshou (cloud hands) Taijiquan Duishou (pushing hands)-One hand training, diagonal; One hand traininig, vertical; Both hands training (horizontal); Taijiquan duishou dai-ikkyo ura-waza (downwards); Taijiquan duishou dai-ikkyo ura waza (upwards) Original techniques-Gechong (Nanquan-Southern Style) Gechong applied to aikido-Katatedori how to hold; throwing techniques with Gechong; Gechong block and throw; Iriminage with Gechong Original techniques-Baguazhang; Throwing techniques with Baguazhang Original Techniques-Nanquan